Meningitis is inflammation of the protecting membranes protecting the brain and spinal cord, identified collectively because the meninges. The irritation could also be brought on by an infection with viruses, micro organism, or different microorganisms, and fewer generally by certain drugs. Meningitis can be life-threatening because of the inflammation's proximity to the mind and spinal wire; due to this fact the situation is classified as a medical emergency

The commonest signs of meningitis are headache and neck stiffness related to fever, confusion or altered consciousness, vomiting, and an inability to tolerate light (photophobia) or loud noises (phonophobia). Sometimes, particularly in babies, only nonspecific signs could also be current, equivalent to irritability and drowsiness. If a rash is present, it could point out a particular reason for meningitis; for example, meningitis attributable to meningococcal micro organism may be accompanied by a attribute rash

A lumbar puncture could also be used to diagnose or exclude meningitis. This entails inserting a needle into the spinal canal to extract a pattern of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the fluid that envelops the mind and spinal cord. The CSF is then examined in a medical laboratory. The same old remedy for meningitis is the prompt software of antibiotics and sometimes antiviral drugs. In some situations, corticosteroid medicine can be used to forestall complications from overactive inflammation. Meningitis can lead to critical lengthy-time period penalties akin to deafness, epilepsy, hydrocephalus and cognitive deficits, particularly if not handled quickly. Some forms of meningitis (such as those associated with meningococci, Haemophilus influenzae sort B, pneumococci or mumps virus infections) could also be prevented by immunization.

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